Northern Eurasia 1919: Revolution in Europe

The successes of Soviet Russia inspired dreams and fears of revolution in war-weary Europe. The most serious outbreaks were in Hungary and Germany. However, there were no long term successes. Bela Kun's Hungarian Soviet Republic lasted half a year before being crushed by Romania. None of the numerous revolutions across Germany survived more than a month.

Main Events

29 Oct–9 Nov 1918 German Revolution ▲

In response to the unauthorized 24 October 1918 German naval command directive to engage the Royal Navy in a final battle, sailors mutinied in Wilhelmshaven and Kiel. On 4 November the mutineers took control of Kiel, encouraging seamen, soldiers, and urban workers across the country to also rise in revolt against the imperial order. By 9 November, workers’ and soldiers’ councils had taken power in most of Germany’s cities and a republic was declared. in wikipedia

5 Feb 1919 Bolsheviks take Kiev ▲

Bolsheviks take Kiev in wikipedia

11 Mar–1 Apr 1919 British withdrawal from Transcaspian region ▲

British withdraw from Transcaspian region via Ashqabad. in wikipedia

21 Mar 1919 Hungarian Soviet Republic ▲

Five months after the Hungarian Democratic Republic was established, the Hungarian Communists, led by imprisoned leader Béla Kun, led a coup against the ruling Social Democrats, establishing the Hungarian Soviet Republic. in wikipedia