Europe 1859: Franco-Sardinian Alliance

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24 January 1859

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31 Dec 6AD

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29 Nov 1850

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Italian Unification

-27–68 The Julio-Claudian Dynasty 68–96 The Flavian Dynasty 96–192 The Nerva–Antonine Dynasty 192–235 The Severan Dynasty 235–285 The Crisis of the Third Century 285–1815 NO MAPS FOR THIS PERIOD YET 1815–1848 Congress Europe 1848–1850 The Springtime of Peoples 1850–1859 The Crimean War 1859–1862 Italian Unification 1862–1871 German Unification 1871–1914 Imperial Europe 1914–1918 The Great War 1918–1922 Armistice Europe 1922–1939 The Rise of Fascism 1939–1942 World War II: Blitzkrieg 1942–1945 World War II: Fall of the Third Reich 1945–1990 The Cold War 1990–2010 Post-Cold War Europe 2010–pres The Crisis of Europe

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Franco-Sardinian Alliance

24 Jan 1859 Franco-Sardinian Alliance 4 Jun 1859 Battle of Magenta 25 Aug 1859 Solferino and its Aftermath 3 Dec 1859 Unification of Central Italy 29 May 1860 Expedition of the Thousand 22 Oct 1860 Annexation of the Two Sicilies 17 Mar 1861 Kingdom of Italy

By the late 1850s, the cause of Italian unification was drawing widespread support from intellectuals and radicals across Europe. After narrowly surviving an assassination attempt by one such group, Napoleon III of France decided he would secretly back the Kingdom of Sardinia in an attempt to unite northern Italy (in return for territorial concessions, of course).

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Main Events

10 May 1857–8 Jul 1858 Indian Mutiny▲

In May 1857, Indian soldiers (“Sepoys”) revolted against their British commanders in protest of rule over the country by the British East India Company. The revolt expanded across northern India and lasted over a year before being crushed, formally ending the Mughal Empire and transferring control of the subcontinent to the British Crown.in wikipedia

26 May 1857 Prussia renounces sovereignty over Swiss Canton of Neuchâtel▲

The continuing dispute over Neuchâtel caused a short-lived royalist revolt in 1856, leading the Great Powers to pressure Prussia into renouncing its sovereignty over the canton.in wikipedia

14 Jan 1858 Orsini Affair▲

On 14 January 1858, Italian nationalist Felice Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III in Paris, believing that Napoleon was obstructing the cause of Italian unification. Although the attempt was unsuccessful, the incident caused major political uproar in Italy and in Britain, where Orsini had previously sought asylum and worked as a lecturer.in wikipedia

19 Jan 1859 Treaty of alliance between France and Sardinia▲

Following the attempt on his life by Orsini, Napoleon III of France agreed to secretly support Sardinia’s attempt to unite northern Italy, in exchange for plebiscites on French sovereignty over Savoy and Nice.in wikipedia

24 Jan 1859 United Principalities▲

In accordance with the 1856 Treaty of Paris, Moldavia and Wallachia held elections for ad-hoc divans, who in 1859 voted to unite the two principalities under the rule of Dominitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza.in wikipedia