Southern Asia 1948: Indian conquest of Hyderabad

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Political map of South & Southwest Asia on 17 Sep 1948 (Independence: Indian conquest of Hyderabad), showing the following events: Indian offensives in Kashmir; Malayan Emergency; Operation Polo.

Following the end of British rule in India, the Nizam of Hyderabad - a Muslim ruler over a mostly Hindu population - had opted for independence. However, India, locked in war with Pakistan over Kashmir, considered the Nizam a threat and in a 1948 "police action" invaded and annexed Hyderabad.

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Main Events

19 May–26 Nov 1948 Indian offensives in Kashmir ▲

In Operations Gulab, Eraze, Duck, and Easy, India launched a series of counteroffensives against Pakistan in Kashmir. By the end of November, they had captured Keran and Gurais in the Kashmir Valley, retaken Kargil in the High Himalayas, and relieved the year-long siege of Poonch. in wikipedia

16 Jun 1948–31 Jul 1960 Malayan Emergency ▲

The Malayan National Liberation Army—the military arm of the Malayan Communist Party—started a guerrilla against the British dominated Federation of Malaya. The British responded by instituting emergency measures and bringing in Commonwealth forces, largely defeating the guerrillas by the early 1950s. The independence of Malaya in 1957 further undermined the rationale of the war, and the remaining holdouts surrendered in the following years. in wikipedia

13–18 Sep 1948 Operation Polo ▲

In Operation Polo, the Indian Armed Forces invaded the State of Hyderabad in what it regarded as a “police action”. After 5 days fighting and the defeat of his army on all fronts, the Nizam of Hyderabad announced a ceasefire at 5pm on 17 September. A formal surrender took place at 4pm the following day. in wikipedia

1940s 1948 Australia Azad Kashmir British Empire/Commonwealth Hyderabad India Kashmir Malaysia maps New Zealand Pakistan September September 17 United Kingdom

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