25 Jul 1861Confederatevictoryat Mesilla
Aug 1861Confederatescreate Territoryof Arizona
4 Sep 1861ConfederatesinvadeKentucky
6 Sep 1861Union enters Kentucky
7 Sep 1861Kentucky declaresfor the Union
Sep 1861British transferMosquito Coastto Nicaragua
Oct 1861British, French & Spanishform alliance to extractrepayments from Mexico
Nov 1861Union takesPort Royal
Nov 1861–Jan 1862Trent Affair threatensUS-British relations
8–17 Dec 1861British, Spanish &French fleetsreach Mexico
17 Dec 1861Spanish occupyVeracruz