Sep 1845–?? 1852Potato blight triggersGreat Famine in Ireland
19 Feb–31 Mar 1846Peasants revolt againstPolish nobles in Galicia
22 Feb–3 Mar 1846Krakow uprising;suppressed by Austria
Sep 1846Second Carlist Warbreaks out in Catalonia
Nov 1846Austria annexesFree City of Krakow
Oct 1847–Jan 1848Tuscany annexes Lucca;Parma & Modena revise borders
3 Nov–1 Dec 1847Sonderbund defeatedin Swiss civil war